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S h a r k s

Sharks are carnivores. They eat all kinds of flesh. Sharks prefer tuna, mackerel and even smaller sharks for dinner, but they will eat swimmers if the conditions are right.

Sharks have very sharp senses of vision, hearing and smell to help them find food. They can see seven times better than human and can hear sounds over two miles away. About two-thirds of a shark’s brain is used for smelling, so if there is even a tiny amount of blood in the water, a shark will smell it even if it’s almost a mile away

Instead of bones, sharks have something called cartilage. Bones are hard and don’t bend. Cartilage is flexible, allowing sharks to bend so their heads can reach their tails. The cartilage also allows sharks to turn very quickly. All this makes them better hunters. Humans have cartilage too, but only in places like our ears and noses.

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The L i o n

The lion is called the king of beasts. Lions are found living wild in the grassland of Africa. They hunt smaller animals and feed on them. There are no wild animals in Europe, but there are captive lions in the European zoos.

The male lion is a beautiful animal. Round his head he has a ring of long hair called mane. When lion is young, the hair of his mane is yellow. When he is old, the hair is sometimes black. The female lion, or lioness, doesn’t have a mane.

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Sea Mammals

Seals, sea lions and walruses live both on land or on ice, they are very clumsy in their movements. But in the water they swim gracefully. They are all leave the water for land or ice field to give birth to their young.

The dolphins and the sea cows are sea mammals. Dolphins and porpoises look alike but usually the dolphins are intelligent and can communicate with each other. They can be trained to perform various kinds of trick and acts.

The highly intelligent killer whale belongs to dolphin family. Despite of its scary name, it has never been heard to attack human.

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W h a l e s

There were many whales swimming in the ocean a long time ago. Then they were hunted and killed by Native American tribes. They used the whale for food, oil and other items. Seventy years ago, they were told to stop killing them because the number of whales was so small.

Now the Native Americans were told that they could start hunting them again. The problem was that the other people did not want the whales to be killed. They told the Native Americans that the whales should be left alone. Many people were upset. The Native Americans wanted to do what their ancestors had done for many years. They want to teach their children about their past. They think that it helps the group to stay together.

Other people are afraid to let the Native Americans kill the whales. They think that other countries will start killing them, too. If too many people start killing the whales, then there will soon be no more whales. Some people will try to stop anyone from killing the whales. They will sue the people who help to kill them. They will get in the way of those trying to kill a whale. Everyone will be watching to see what happens that the first time the whales are hunted.

Narrative

The Lamb and the wolf

One day the wolf was slaking his thirst at a stream when he chanced to see a lamb, also drinking, at some distance down the stream.

Outraged, he growled,” But, Sir, how can I be muddying your drinking water? I am farther down stream than you are. The water is flowing from your part of the stream to where I am.”

“Upstream or downstream, your drinking is muddying my water, and I shall eat you.” So saying, the wolf leaped upon the lamb and devours him.

Narrative

The Three Fish

Once, three fish lived in a pond. One evening, some fisherman passed by the pond and saw the fish. “This pond is full of fish,” they told each other excitedly. “We have never fished here before. We must come back tomorrow morning with our nets and catch the fish!” So saying the fisherman left.

When the eldest of the three fish heard this, he was troubled. He called the other fish together and said, “Did you hear what the fishermen said?” We must leave this pond at once. The fishermen will return tomorrow and kill us all!”

Second of the three fish agreed,” You are right”, he said, “We must leave the pond.”

But the youngest fish laughed.” You are worrying without reason”, he said “We have lived in this pond all our lives, and no fisherman has ever come here. Why should these men return? I am not going anywhere; my luck will keep me safe."

The eldest of the fish left the pond that very evening with his entire family. The second fish saw the fishermen coming in the distance in the early next morning and left the pond at once with all his family. The third fish refused to leave even then.

The fishermen arrived and caught all the fish left in the pond. The third fish’s luck did not help him-he too was caught and killed.

The fish that saw trouble ahead and acted before it arrived as well as the fish that acted as soon as it came both survived. But the fish that relied only on luck and did nothing at all died. So also in life.

Narrative

The Crow and The Pitcher of Water

In the spreading branches of a leafy old tree there lived a wise old crow. All day long he would fly over town and villages in searching of food. He would meet other birds and animals, makes friends and gather news. In the evenings he would return to his home in the old tree, content with the way his day had been spent.

One year, the rain was late, and the land was hit by a terrible drought. The water in the ponds and lakes and rivers began to dry up. Birds, animals and even people were dying of thirst. The pond on the banks of which the old tree grew was shrinking every day till one morning it vanished completely. The crow was worried – how long could he carry on?

He flew all day in searching of water. He had almost given up, when he suddenly saw an earthen pitcher lying half-buried in the dried up mud of a village pond. At the very bottom of the pitcher there was water. But the pitcher was deep, its neck too narrow and the crow could not reach the water. What was he to do?

The crow looked around saw that the ground was strewn with pebbles. He began to throw pebble after pebble into the pitcher until the water in the pot had risen enough for him to drink.

The resourceful crow had enough water for a week and rain came after all. He did not give up even seemed possible. If you try hard enough, even the most difficult problems can be solved. The important thing is not to give up trying.

Narrative

The Magic Box

Once upon a time, there was a poor farmer who dug up a big box in his field. He took it home and showed it to his wife. His wife cleaned it and kept it in their house. One day, she dropped an apple into it. Immediately the box began to fill up with apples. No matter how many were taken out, others took their place. So the farmer and his wife sold the apples and were able to live quite comfortably.

Then the farmer dropped a coin into the box. At once, the apples disappeared and the box began to fill itself with coins. Everyday the farmer and his wife collected hundreds and hundreds of coins from the box. Soon they became rich.

Now the farmer’s grandfather lived with the couple. He was not very strong and he could not go out to work. So the farmer asked the old man to help him to take the money out of the box. When his grandfather become tired and wanted to rest, the farmer shouted at him, ”Why are you so lazy? Why can’t you work harder?”

The old man did not say anything but he continued working until he fell inside the box and died. At once the money disappeared and the box began to fill up with the dead grandfathers.

The farmer had to pull them out and bury then. To do this, he had to spend all the money he had collected. When he had used up all the money, the box broke and the farmer was just as poor as he was before.